Cancer and Oncology Terms

A liquid extract preparation derived from pomegranate (Punica granatum) seeds with antioxidant, and potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities.

An N-methyl derivative of the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces ardus and other Streptomyces bacterial species.

A lymph node in the area of the armpit (axilla) to which cancer has spread.

A disease in which malignant (cancer) cells are found in the part of the urethra (the tube through which urine leaves the body) that connects to the bladder (the organ that stores urine).

Treatment that is given after cancer has disappeared following the initial therapy.

A synthetic derivative of fumagillin with antineoplastic and cytotoxic properties.

A type of cancer that forms in bone or soft tissue.

Its presence usually means the estrogen pathway is working, since estrogen signaling is what switches this receptor on.

A folate analogue inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) exhibiting high affinity for reduced folate carrier-1 (RFC-1) with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities.

Pravastatin lowers LDL cholesterol by blocking a liver enzyme central to cholesterol production, and is prescribed to reduce cardiovascular risk.

A term used to describe a condition that may (or is likely to) become cancer.

Growths on an internal lining that are not cancer, removed because a fraction of them would eventually have become cancer.

An aggressive (fast-growing) type of leukemia (blood cancer) in which too many B-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the bone marrow and blood.

An aggressive (fast-growing) type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in which too many lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the lymph nodes and the thymus gland.

An aggressive (fast-growing) type of leukemia (blood cancer) in which too many T-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the bone marrow and blood.

A type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in which too many T-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the lymph nodes and spleen.

A term used to describe a condition that may (or is likely to) become cancer.

Surgery to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer by removing one or both breasts before disease develops.

Cancer that forms in the lymph tissue of the brain, spinal cord, meninges (outer covering of the brain), or eye (called ocular lymphoma).

A rare, aggressive (fast-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by an abnormal build-up of fluids in a body cavity.