Meaning of reagent: A reagent is a substance used in a laboratory reaction to detect, measure, or produce another substance, forming the basis of many diagnostic tests.

Definition of reagent

A reagent is a substance used to carry out a chemical reaction in a laboratory setting, typically to detect, measure, or help produce another substance. Reagents are chosen for how reliably and specifically they react with a particular target, which allows their reaction to serve as the basis for a test.

In clinical laboratory testing, reagents are used to identify or quantify substances such as glucose, cholesterol, or specific proteins in a blood sample, and to determine blood type by testing how a sample reacts with a known reagent designed for that purpose. Reagents are also used in histology to stain tissue samples for examination under a microscope.

A test's reliability depends heavily on the quality and proper handling of its reagents, since a reagent that has degraded or been contaminated can produce an inaccurate result even when the rest of the testing process is performed correctly.

Used in a sentence

The laboratory added a reagent to the blood sample to measure the concentration of glucose present.

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Good to know

A laboratory result depends on the reagent used reacting predictably with the target substance, so a degraded or contaminated reagent can produce an inaccurate result even when the rest of the test is performed correctly.

Word origin

Where “reagent” comes from

Formed from Latin re-, meaning again, and agere, meaning to act, describing a substance that acts upon another.

For learning, not diagnosis. This glossary provides general educational information and is not a substitute for advice from a qualified healthcare professional. If you may be experiencing a medical emergency, contact local emergency services.