micronutrient
Meaning of micronutrient: Unlike macronutrients such as protein and fat, micronutrients are needed only in small amounts yet remain essential for normal body function.
Definition of micronutrient
A micronutrient is a substance the body requires only in small amounts to support normal growth, development, and overall function, distinguishing it from macronutrients such as carbohydrates, protein, and fat, which the body needs in much larger quantities. Vitamins and minerals are the two main categories of micronutrient.
Each micronutrient supports specific body functions. Some, such as vitamin C and several B vitamins, participate in chemical reactions throughout the body, while minerals such as iron, zinc, and iodine serve structural roles or are incorporated into molecules such as hemoglobin and thyroid hormone.
Because the body generally cannot produce most micronutrients in sufficient amounts on its own, they must be obtained through diet or, in some circumstances, supplementation. A prolonged lack of a specific micronutrient can lead to a recognized deficiency condition, while excessive intake of certain micronutrients, particularly some minerals and fat soluble vitamins, can also cause harm.
Used in a sentence
Laboratory testing was ordered to evaluate for a possible micronutrient deficiency.
Good to know
A micronutrient deficiency can produce symptoms specific to that nutrient's role in the body, meaning the pattern of symptoms present generally points toward which specific micronutrient is lacking.
Word origin
Where “micronutrient” comes from
Formed from Greek mikros, meaning small, and Latin nutrire, meaning to nourish.