diuretic
Meaning of diuretic: Diuretics increase urine output by altering how the kidneys handle salt and water, commonly used for high blood pressure and fluid retention.
Definition of diuretic
A diuretic is a medication that increases the production of urine, primarily by acting on the kidneys to change how much salt and water they reabsorb back into the bloodstream. By causing the kidneys to excrete more sodium, and water along with it, diuretics reduce the total volume of fluid circulating in the body.
Several distinct classes of diuretics exist, including thiazide, loop, and potassium-sparing diuretics, each acting on a different part of the kidney's filtering system and differing somewhat in strength and effect on other substances such as potassium. Diuretics are commonly used to treat high blood pressure and to reduce the fluid buildup associated with conditions such as heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease.
Because diuretics alter the balance of fluid and electrolytes in the body, their use is often accompanied by periodic blood testing to monitor levels of substances such as potassium and sodium.
Also known as
Used in a sentence
A diuretic was added to the patient's regimen to help manage fluid retention related to heart failure.
Good to know
Different classes of diuretics affect potassium differently, with some lowering blood potassium and others raising it, a distinction relevant when a diuretic is combined with other medications that also affect potassium levels.
Word origin
Where “diuretic” comes from
Formed from Greek dia-, meaning through, and ourein, meaning to urinate.