Medical Terminology DB

Paraplat

Web Admin — Fri, 26 Aug 2011 10:17:46 +0000

(Other name for: carboplatin)

Ossirene

Web Admin — Fri, 26 Aug 2011 10:17:38 +0000

(Other name for: ammonium trichlorotellurate)

niacinamide

Web Admin — Fri, 26 Aug 2011 10:16:42 +0000

The active form of vitamin B3 and a component of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Niacinamide acts as a chemo- and radio-sensitizing agent by enhancing tumor blood flow, thereby reducing tumor hypoxia. This agent also inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, enzymes involved in the rejoining of DNA strand breaks induced by radiation or chemotherapy.

masitinib mesylate

Web Admin — Fri, 26 Aug 2011 10:16:00 +0000

The orally bioavailable mesylate salt of masatinib, a multi-targeted protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Masitinib selectively binds to and inhibits both the wild-type and mutated forms of the stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit; SCFR); platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR); fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3); and, to a lesser extent, focal adhesion kinase (FAK). As a consequence, tumor cell proliferation may be inhibited in cancer cell types that overexpress these receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs).

pomegranate-extract pill

Web Admin — Thu, 25 Aug 2011 10:18:13 +0000

A pill formulation of polyphenol extracts derived from the fruit of the deciduous shrub Punica granatum with antioxidant and potential chemopreventive activities. By binding and neutralizing free-radical compounds, the polyphenol extracts contained in pomegranate-extract pill may prevent their genotoxic and carcinogenic effects.

misonidazole

Web Admin — Thu, 25 Aug 2011 10:16:16 +0000

A nitroimidazole with radiosensitizing and antineoplastic properties. Exhibiting high electron affinity, misonidazole induces the formation of free radicals and depletes radioprotective thiols, thereby sensitizing hypoxic cells to the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation. This single-strand breaks in DNA induced by this agent result in the inhibition of DNA synthesis.

PI3K inhibitor BGT226

Web Admin — Tue, 23 Aug 2011 10:18:01 +0000

A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor BGT226 specifically inhibits PIK3 in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway, which may trigger the translocation of cytosolic Bax to the mitochondrial outer membrane, increasing mitochondrial membrane permeability; apoptotic cell death may ensue. Bax is a member of the proapoptotic Bcl2 family of proteins.

parathyroid hormone-related protein (1-36)

Web Admin — Mon, 22 Aug 2011 10:17:46 +0000

A recombinant form of a mature, N-terminal secretory peptide derived from a parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) preprohormone through posttranslational endoproteolytic processing with vasodilating, myorelaxant, and parathyroid hormone (PTH)-like calciotropic activities. Expressed throughout the cardiovascular system, parathyroid hormone-related protein (1-36) [PTHrP (1-36)] was first identified as the PTH-like hypercalcemic factor of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy; however, its sequence differs significantly from that of PTH (1-34) although both proteins share the same N-terminal end which accounts for the calciotropic activity. Both PTHrP (1-36) and PTH (1-34) bind to the type 1 parathyroid hormone receptor (PTH1R), a specific seven-transmembrane-helix-containing G protein-coupled receptor mainly located in bone and kidney cells.

paclitaxel-loaded polymeric micelle

Web Admin — Sun, 21 Aug 2011 10:17:41 +0000

A biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactide) copolymer miceller nanoparticle-entrapped formulation of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel promotes microtubule assembly and prevents depolymerization, thus interfering with normal mitosis. The copolymer residue increases the water-solubility of paclitaxel and allows delivery of higher doses than those achievable with paclitaxel alone.

panitumumab

Web Admin — Sat, 20 Aug 2011 10:17:45 +0000

A human monoclonal antibody produced in transgenic mice that attaches to the transmembrane epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. Panitumumab may inhibit autocrine EGF stimulation of tumor cells that express the EGF receptor, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation.